By Baico Biotech 丨 Textile Enzyme 丨 BIO-SCOURING ENZYME 丨 BBT-HK-Kathleen

Dark-colored garments occupy an irreplaceable central position in contemporary apparel consumption. Consumer data show that black ranks first among women's wear colors with a preference rate of 21%, while black, dark grey, and navy together account for 78% of the men's trousers market. Whether in workplace commutes or daily casual settings, dark-colored apparel has become the default choice for the vast majority of consumers, thanks to its core advantages of being "versatile, stain-resistant, and figure-flattering."

However, this highly prevalent market demand poses a significant challenge to the textile dyeing and finishing industry—namely, how to produce high-quality dark shades stably, efficiently, and at low cost. To ensure excellent dyeing results, fabrics must undergo pre-treatment before dyeing. The conventional process includes desizing, scouring, bleaching, de-bleaching, and Bio-polishing.

Knit fabrics typically do not require desizing. In the conventional process, knitted fabrics are treated in a bath containing scouring agents, wetting agents, and caustic soda to remove impurities inherent in the fibers, such as pectin and plant waxes. These impurities form a barrier on the fiber surface, hindering dye molecules from diffusing and penetrating into the interior. If pre-treatment is insufficient—resulting in poor wettability and inadequate capillary effect—dye uptake cannot be enhanced, ultimately leading to low color yield and shade deviation. After scouring, a half-bleaching step is carried out to increase fabric whiteness. Since bleaching involves the addition of caustic soda, hydrogen peroxide, and peroxide stabilizers, residual chemicals can affect the subsequent dye liquor, necessitating neutralization and de-bleaching before dyeing. During these pre-treatment stages, fiber surfaces tend to develop pillings, requiring Bio-polishing with neutral cellulase to achieve a smoother and cleaner fabric surface. Overall, the conventional pre-treatment route involves numerous steps, consumes substantial time, and the heavy use of chemicals adds to the wastewater treatment costs formills.

To address these issues, BBT has developed Bio-scouring Enzyme RF838-K(D). This product consists of a composite enzyme formulation that, at 55°C, enables multiple enzymes to work synergistically to accomplish both Bio-scouring and Bio-polishing in one step. The pectinase efficiently decomposes pectin into water-soluble small molecules; after scouring, the same bath is heated to 95°C and held for 30 minutes to remove plant waxes to get the good absorbency. Since dark dyeing does not require high whiteness, the Bio-scouring fabric already possesses adequate wettability for dyeing, thus the bleaching step can be omitted. Eliminating bleaching also means neutralization and de-bleaching are no longer needed before dyeing.

In summary, compared with the conventional pre-treatment process, RF838-K(D) enables a one-bath process that significantly shortens processing time. At the same time, the biological enzymes are naturally degradable, avoiding the generation of toxic or hazardous substances and effectively reducing the mill's wastewater treatment costs. It offers a simple, efficient, low-cost, andenvironmentally friendly solution for the pre-treatment of dark-colored fabrics prior to dyeing.

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